Crime since 1985, offense by offense
Toggle offenses. Rates are offenses per 100,000 residents as the FBI estimates them; the counts sit in the table. The violent-crime rate fell from about 798 per 100,000 in 1991 to 329.6 in 2025, with a spike in 2020.
Table: rate per 100,000 and share cleared, by year
Lessons: CR1.7 What the FBI countsPreview CR1.8 Rates per 100,000Preview CR1.9 The great crime decline and the 2020 spikePreview CR1.10 Who gets caught: clearance ratesPreview
Drawer: Who Answers the Call?
Supplements: FBI Crime Data Explorer · BJS: National Crime Victimization Survey
The state map
Pick a layer, then toggle types. Click a state for its numbers.
Lessons: CR1.24 Who polices AmericaPreview CR1.25 911 and the patrol carPreview
Supplements: U.S. Fire Administration · American College of Surgeons: trauma center verification
Cities: rates, officers and responders nearby
Crime rates per 100,000 from FBI UCR Table 8 (latest of 2017–2019), officers per 1,000 residents from Table 78, and directory counts of hospitals, Level I–II trauma centers, hospital helipads, fire stations and police stations within 5 km of the city centre. Cities with a mapped CBD in our research are marked ◆.
| City | State | Population | Year | Violent /100k | Property /100k | Murder /100k | Officers /1k | Hospitals | Trauma I–II | Helipads | Fire stns | Police stns |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albuquerque | New Mexico | 564,559 | — | — | — | — | — | 7 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 5 |
| ◆ Atlanta | GA | 523,738 | 2018 | 769 | 4,654 | 17.7 | 3.15 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| ◆ Austin | TX | 964,254 | 2019 | 401 | 3,711 | 3.3 | 1.83 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 6 |
| ◆ Baltimore | MD | 585,708 | 2019 | 1,859 | 4,311 | 58.3 | 4.13 | 12 | 5 | 5 | 12 | 3 |
| ◆ Boston | MA | 654,423 | 2019 | 607 | — | 6.0 | 3.07 | 11 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 14 |
| Charlotte | NC | 874,579 | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 2 |
| ◆ Chicago | IL | 2,700,000 | 2019 | 943 | 2,983 | 18.2 | 4.86 | 9 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 4 |
| Columbus | OH | 898,553 | 2019 | 503 | 3,308 | 8.9 | 2.10 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 9 |
| Dallas | TX | 1,345,000 | 2019 | 863 | 3,321 | 14.5 | 2.26 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
| Denver | CO | 715,522 | 2019 | 749 | 3,744 | 9.2 | 2.13 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 5 |
| Detroit | MI | 645,705 | 2019 | 1,965 | 4,303 | 41.5 | 3.79 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
| El Paso | Texas | 678,815 | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Fort Worth | TX | 895,008 | 2019 | 444 | 2,688 | 7.5 | 1.80 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 |
| Fresno | California | 542,107 | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 |
| Houston | TX | 2,350,000 | 2019 | 1,072 | 4,319 | 11.7 | 2.23 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 5 |
| Indianapolis | IN | 876,384 | 2018 | 1,273 | 4,129 | 18.5 | 2.40 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 9 |
| Jacksonville | FL | 954,614 | 2019 | 647 | 3,309 | 14.2 | 1.90 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 |
| Kansas City | MO | 516,037 | 2019 | 1,431 | 3,856 | 30.2 | 2.62 | 8 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 9 |
| Las Vegas | NV | 656,274 | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 9 |
| ◆ Los Angeles | CA | 3,800,000 | 2019 | 732 | 2,383 | 6.4 | 2.49 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Louisville | Kentucky | 633,045 | — | — | — | — | — | 8 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 6 |
| Memphis | Tennessee | 633,104 | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | 3 | 6 | 3 | 2 |
| Mesa | AZ | 504,258 | 2019 | 377 | 1,869 | 2.1 | 1.54 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| Milwaukee | Wisconsin | 577,222 | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 10 |
| ◆ Nashville | TN | 710,982 | — | — | — | — | — | 9 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 13 |
| New York | NY | 8,335,897 | 2019 | 571 | 1,460 | 3.8 | 4.36 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 16 | 16 |
| Oklahoma City | OK | 687,725 | 2019 | 722 | 4,092 | 11.4 | 1.78 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Omaha | Nebraska | 486,051 | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 6 |
| Philadelphia | PA | 1,576,251 | 2018 | 909 | 3,097 | 22.1 | 4.14 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 11 | 7 |
| Phoenix | AZ | 1,700,000 | 2019 | 699 | 3,315 | 7.8 | 1.73 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 8 |
| Portland | OR | 641,589 | 2019 | 545 | 5,203 | 4.4 | 1.34 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 8 |
| Raleigh | NC | 497,642 | 2019 | 256 | 1,783 | 1.1 | 1.14 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 5 |
| Sacramento | CA | 524,943 | 2019 | 627 | 3,182 | 6.6 | 1.32 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| San Antonio | TX | 1,590,000 | 2019 | 708 | 4,324 | 6.7 | 1.47 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 5 |
| San Diego | CA | 1,422,000 | 2019 | 362 | 1,883 | 3.5 | 1.22 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
| San Francisco | CA | 815,201 | 2019 | 670 | 5,506 | 4.5 | 2.57 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 1 |
| San Jose | CA | 983,489 | 2019 | 438 | 2,420 | 3.1 | 1.11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| Seattle | WA | 733,919 | 2019 | 585 | 4,496 | 3.7 | 1.85 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 7 |
| Tucson | AZ | 546,574 | 2019 | 688 | 3,272 | 7.3 | 1.64 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
| ◆ Washington | DC | 712,816 | 2019 | 977 | 4,246 | 23.5 | 5.40 | 13 | 2 | 5 | 53 | 41 |
Shock trauma centers in the directory: R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore MD. Baltimore's R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center (1969) was the first; its "golden hour" idea is why trauma centers sit beside helipads.
Lessons: CR1.11 Reading a city without ranking itPreview CR1.26 Hot spots: crime is concentratedPreview CR1.12 The Chicago School: crime and placePreview
Supplements: FBI UCR: Crime in the United States, 2019 · The punishment gallery (companion)
What the data can and can't say
Solid: the national crime series (FBI Crime Data Explorer, 1985–2025), the agency list (FBI, 19,649 agencies with type and NIBRS status), and the city tables (FBI UCR Tables 8 and 78, 2017–2019).
Partial: the state crime layer adds up only the cities that reported in Table 8 for the best-covered year. It is not a whole-state rate; the table shows how many cities and people it covers. Some states stand on one large city (Hawaii is Honolulu alone).
Directory, not verified: the hospital, police-station and fire-station layers come from the estate's emergency directory. The facility names are real, but the details (trauma levels, helipads, staffing) were compiled by SI and have not been checked against state trauma registries, the FAA or the U.S. Fire Administration. Use them to explore, and check a facility before you quote it.
Missing: fire apparatus (engines, ladders, rescues, tankers) is empty in the directory, so the apparatus chips are greyed out. There is no EMS table, and helipads are known only for hospitals, not for public or private heliports. Death-row and execution numbers belong to the punishment gallery.
Use it in class
Quiz: Map Check
- How does the map turn a count of offenses into a rate per 100,000?
- On the national chart, the FBI violent-crime rate fell from about 798 per 100,000 in 1991 to about 330 in 2025. Which year breaks the long decline with a sharp rise?
- Why is the state crime layer NOT a whole-state crime rate?
- In the FBI agency list of about 19,600 law-enforcement agencies, which type is most common?
- In 2025, which offense had the highest share of cases cleared, according to the FBI national figures?
- The FBI asks readers not to rank cities by its crime tables. What is the main reason?
- A Level I trauma center differs from a Level IV center mainly because it:
- The first shock trauma center, the model for trauma systems and the "golden hour", was built in which city?
- Why are the fire-apparatus chips (engines, ladders, rescues, tankers) greyed out on the map?
- On the officers layer, why should "Women officers" be toggled on by itself?
Check my answers